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Books, postcards and other items are for sale. The Visitor Center includes a museum with information about Fremont and present-day Native Americans. Encyclopedia of Frontier Biography, Volumes I-III University of Nebraska Press, 1988.Ĭopyright © 2022 Legends of America.Memorial to Labor Day weekends 9:00 am to 6:00 pm other 9:00 am to 5:00 pm closed major holidays. © Kathy Weiser-Alexander/ Legends of America, updated May 2021.įremont’s Expeditions of the American West
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He died on July 13, 1890, in New York City. General Fremont was the author of various works, most of them relating to his explorations. His request was granted, and this ended his military career.Īfterward, he lost his fortune through bad investments with railroads and moved to Arizona, where he was made territorial governor from 1878 to 1883. When his command was made a part of General John Pope’s Army of Virginia, Fremont asked to be relieved. This and other complaints caused him to be relieved of his command, but the following spring, he was placed in command of the mountain district in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia. President Abraham Lincoln endorsed the proclamation, except that part concerning emancipation, but this, Fremont refused to rescind, and it was finally annulled by order of the president. On August 31, 1861, he proclaimed martial law and the emancipation of the slaves belonging to those in arms against the government. Soon after the Civil War began, he was made a major-general and assigned to the command of the Western Department, with headquarters at St. The first Republican National Convention in 1856 nominated him for the presidency, and he received 114 electoral votes, but James Buchanan received 174 and went on to win the election. He then moved to politics, serving as one of California’s first senators. When gold was found on the land he purchased in the Sierra foothills he became a millionaire. Fremont was found guilty however, his sentence was commuted by President Polk, and he was reinstated. Kearny would return with Fremont to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in August of 1847 for trial.
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confirmed Kearny’s authority, Fremont was arrested for mutiny, disobedience, and improper conduct.
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Trouble brewed within the American ranks when Fremont refused to recognize Brigadier General Stephen Kearny’s authority to organize a new territorial government. During the Mexican-American War, he would be appointed civil governor by Commodore Robert Stockton. Landing in California with his wife, Fremont led much of the revolt in Alta that led to the state’s admission to the Union. Benton, even though her parents objected to the union based on her age.įor the next ten years, Fremont spent his time exploring the country between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains and all the way to the Pacific Coast (see Fremont’s Expeditions.) His reports gave many their first knowledge of what is now the many states of the American West, and his work won for him the nickname of “Pathfinder.” On October 19, 1841, he secretly married Jessie, daughter of Thomas H. Becoming an expert in geology and topography, he headed his own expedition to survey the Des Moines River in 1841. In 1838, he was commissioned a second lieutenant by President Van Buren, and in that year and the next, he took part in Jean Nicollet’s expedition to the plains between the upper Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. His career as an explorer began when he left the Navy to join the United States Topographical Corps, which later became the Army Corps of Engineers. However, he’d done well in math and got a teaching job on a warship. When his father died when John was just five years old, the family moved to Charleston, South Carolina, where he attended college before being expelled for irregular attendance. On January 21, 1813, Fremont was born in Savannah, Georgia, to Charles Fremon, a French-Canadian schoolteacher and Anne Beverley Whiting, the youngest daughter of socially prominent Virginia planter Colonel Thomas Whiting. John Charles Fremont was an explorer, surveyor, military officer, and politician who led five western expeditions.